Why is weathering described as passive or inactive

Because it does not directly affect the landform thus why it's considered as a passive agent. Those that do directly affect landforms are tectonic activities, winds, and water flow. Weather only onsets the formations.

Answer: the philippines has suffered from an inexhaustible number of deadly typhoons, earthquakes, volcano eruptions and other natural disasters. this is due to its location along the ring of fire, or typhoon belt – a large pacific ocean region where many of earth's volcanic eruptions and earthquakes occur.