What are some facts about the ural mountains?

Some facts about the Ural Mountains are: 1. Were formed 300 million years ago 2. The Ural mountains, together with the Appalachians, are among the oldest mountains in the world. 3. The Urals have been a natural barrier for humans. During World War II Soviet forces planned to retreat east of the Urals in case Nazi’s invasion would have been eventually successful. 4. The Urals act as a natural barrier to winds from the Atlantic

The investiture controversy began as a power struggle between pope gregory vii (1072–85) and henry iv, holy roman emperor (1056–1106).[2] a brief but significant struggle over investiture also occurred between henry i of england and pope paschal ii in the years 1103 to 1107, and the issue played a minor role in the struggles between church and state in france, as well.by undercutting the imperial power established by the salian emperors, the controversy led to nearly 50 years of civil war in germany, and the triumph of the great dukes and abbots. imperial power was finally re-established under the hohenstaufen dynasty. historian norman cantor: