Identify element of natural process

What's the weather like where you live?

Which revelation resulted from the observation of the spectrum of different galaxies? a. there were more galaxies whose spectrum was blueshifted b. there were no galaxies whose spectrum was redshifted c. there were more galaxies whose spectrum was redshifted d. there were no galaxies whose spectrum was blueshifted

Which outcome is not caused by gravitational forcea. gas and dust come together to form a planet b. planets orbit a star c. two atoms come together to form a molecule d. stars cluster to form a galaxy