Why do the poles have the coldest climates on earth?

Both the Arctic (North Pole) and the Antarctic (South Pole) are cold because they don't get any direct sunlight. The Sun is always low on the horizon, even in the middle of summer. In winter, the Sun is so far below the horizon that it doesn't come up at all for months at a time.

Idon't  see a map but it goes to d.christianity with about 2.1 followers today

The saharan africa is desert not forest