Andrew Carnegie controlled many of the steps required to turn his raw material into a finished product. This practice is known as:

Monopoly

Explanation:

Monopoly is a market situation in which one party or entity controls all the stages of production of a particular goods without any surviving competitor

the first phase of the government’s plan for settlement was building the transcontinental railroad. the railroad provided a way to bring settlers and manufactured goods west and ship their agricultural and mining produce east. the transcontinental railroad was an essential artery for rapid development of the frontier.

the second phase of the government’s plan was a liberal land distribution policy that made it possible for many people to homestead. with these two key elements—transportation and cheap land—the government rapidly achieved its goal of persuading people to move west, settle on farms, and push back the frontier.