What do we call the situation wherein metropolitan areas sprawl in all directions and suburbs to take on many of the characteristics of traditional downtowns?

a. counter urbanization
b. urban decentralization
c. concentric zones model
d. urban realms model
e. edge cities

B. Urban decentralization.

Explanation:

Urban decentralization in the metropolitan areas is basically the movement of persons working in the city to the immediate communities with lower taxes.

the answer is:

c. islam and christianity

explanation:

islam and christianity are widely practiced in africa. islam is practiced due to its spread from the middle east into africa, and christianity is practiced due to the colonization of africa by the british empire.