Both pakistan and india have claimed the kashmir region. this situation has resulted in which of the following consequences?

a.) increasing utility between countries

b.) the formation of a new country

c.) the formation of a new religion

d.) increasing tensions between countries

If two countries claim the same region, generally, it likely leads to tensions between them, so you know that the answer is D). even without knowing specifically about India and Pakistan.
And it is: India and Pakistan have a very strained relationship and had even some military conflicts and nuclear arms race because of Kashmir.

Except common history