The equal areas law is kepler's 2nd law of planetary motion. it states that a planet's orbit sweeps out equal areas in equal periods of time a planet's orbit sweeps out different areas but in equal periods of time a planet's orbit is elliptical a planet's distance is equal to the time it takes to orbit the sun

a mid-ocean ridge or mid-oceanic ridge is an underwater mountain range, formed by plate tectonics. this uplifting of the ocean floor occurs when convection currents rise in the mantle beneath the oceanic crust and create magma where two tectonic plates meet at a divergent boundary.a geomagnetic reversal is a change in a planet's magnetic field such that the positions of magnetic north and magnetic south are interchanged.