How do the scientific factors of sustainability explain how life has continued to survive and evolve

Sustainability is the capacity to endure. It has become a term that can be applied to almost every living and non-living system on earth, locally and across the globe. Chemical cycling, for instance, is an example of scientific principles of sustainability. Chemical cycles have helped redistribute water, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen through every facet of live and have sustained life since the beginning of time. Solar energy since the beginning of time has constantly provided energy that plants use to produce nutrients. The sun also powers indirect forms of solar energy such as wind and flowing water.  Biodiversity has been important to life on earth. The interactions among species has continued to provide vital ecosystem services and kept populations from growing too large .