Scroll over to iceland and find the reykjanes ridge. do you see how close these volcanoes along this ridge are to europe? could they have caused enough smoke and ash to shut down air travel there because of visibility? what type of plate interaction occurs here?

  The Icelandic volcanoes have often caused problems in Europe because most of the time the smoke and ashes from the volcanic activities on the island move towards the European mainland. When there's volcanic activity on Iceland it is always expected that there will be pollution of the air and limited visibility, and one of the most affected things is the air travel which is shut down for that time period because the conditions are not right for the flights to be taking place. This volcanic activity appears as a result of the divergent tectonic boundary between the North American and European tectonic plate which are moving away from one another.

a. it led to stricter immigration laws.