How can a character's motivation be determined? by asking him or her by consulting the author by observing only the chain of events he or she is connected with in the story through the character's morals, desires, or circumstancesi think its the last answer

the sentence does not violate the phrase structure second rule (introduced by noam chomsky) because noun phrases consist of a determiner such as a, the or every, and a noun. in the sentence, the noun phrase the cake includes a determiner (the) and a noun (cake).

on the other hand, the first rule indicates that a sentence encloses a noun phrase, followed by a verb phrase. the example sentence can be analysed as follows:

john (n) + ate (v) + the (det) + cake (n).

of course not love is   love u cant change it.