Parallel construction means that you
a. begin each paragraph of your essay in the same way.
b. repeat the first paragraph of your essay as the last paragraph.
c. use the same grammatical construction in all similar headings throughout an outline.
d. give both sides of the argument in your essay

the underlined phrase is an example of : understatment

i think the correct answer would be adjustments in life roles.  this causes for one to adjust or change totally his/her career or lifestyle since the present is not beneficial to the life role he is at. for instance, you became a mother you would of course stop going to malls and enjoying life outside. you would be staying at home taking care of your child.