What are jim crow laws?

Is the sentence “ironically, although approximately seventy-one percent of the earth is covered by water, thirty-three percent of its land area is desert.” a phrase or a clause?

Which of these best identifies the text elements used in this text? a) heading and italics print b) pictures and capitalization c) headings and bold faced print d) capitalization and underlining

“skateboarding is a sport combining grace, courage and skill, and here we see it being born.” based on this passage, what inference can you make about the author’s opinion of skateboarding? a. the author does not think skateboarding is a ‘real’ sport. c. the author feels skateboarding should be illegal. b. the author feels skateboarding is only appealing to very young children. d. the author respects and appreciates skateboarding as a sport.