Which phase of a writing strategy involves deciding on the topic and the purpose of the essay?

Read this sentence from the interview. when i say that an actor is natural, i mean that he appears to act in accordance with his ideal, in accordance with his nature, and that he is not an imitator or a copyist—that he is not made up of shreds and patches taken from others, but that all he does flows from interior fountains and is consistent with his own nature, all having in a marked degree the highest characteristics of the man. how does the phrase "flows from interior fountains" affect the interview? a-it suggests that actors have more to give of themselves than other people do. b- it suggests that actors try their hardest to create believable characters. c- it suggests that actors include a part of their own essence in the roles they play. d- it suggests that actors have an abundance of emotions that they must release.

Read the passage below and answer the question that follows. ‘you make me feel uncivilized, daisy,’ i confessed on my second glass of corky but rather impressive claret. ‘can’t you talk about crops or something? ’ i meant nothing in particular by this remark but it was taken up in an unexpected way. ‘civilization’s going to pieces,’ broke out tom violently. ‘i’ve gotten to be a terrible pessimist about things. have you read ‘the rise of the coloured empires’ by this man goddard? ’ ‘why, no,’ i answered, rather surprised by his tone. ‘well, it’s a fine book, and everybody ought to read it. the idea is if we don’t look out the white race will be—will be utterly submerged. it’s all scientific stuff; it’s been proved.’ in this passage, tom’s ideas about race relations come off as uncivilized. what literary device is fitzgerald using here?

In at least one hundred words, explain how the structure of elizabeth bishop’s “sestina” to convey meaning in the poem. provide specific evidence from the text to support your response.