When he started his business, he expected a 95 percent payment rate, based on the experience at his own office. But just as crime tends to be low on a street where a police car is parked, the 95 percent rate was artificially high: Feldman’s presence had deterred theft. Not only that, but those bagel eaters knew the provider and had feelings (presumably good ones) about him. A broad swath of psychological and economic research has shown that people will pay different amounts for the same item depending on who is providing it. . . . In the real world, Feldman learned to settle for less than 95 percent. He came to consider a company “honest” if its payment rate was above 90 percent. He considered a rate between 80 and 90 percent “annoying but tolerable.”

The excerpt helps the authors arrive at their conclusion by
restating their claim about cheating.
presenting facts about the bagel business.
providing statistical evidence.
using deductive reasoning.

did you ever get an answer? i'm on the same question : (

the answer is both an appeal to ethos and logos (if that's what your question options were)

the sample answer on e2020

conflicting values are demonstrated between two different groups in animal farm. first, the farm animals value hard work. this is shown by them working late and working long hours at the request of the pigs. napoleon and the pigs, however, sleep late daily. furthermore, the animals value equality. this differs from the value of napoleon and the other pigs. instead of equality, they value only gaining power and maintaining their own privilege, which is demonstrated by their taking extra milk and sleeping in beds.

in other words

to put it differently

for one thing

as an illustration

in this case

for this reason

to put it another way

that is to say

with attention to

by all means

important to realize

another key point

first thing to remember

most compelling evidence

must be remembered

point often overlooked

to point out

on the positive side

on the negative side

with this in mind

notably

including

like

to be sure

namely

chiefly

truly

indeed

certainly

surely

markedly

such as

especially

explicitly

specifically

expressly

surprisingly

frequently

significantly

particularly

in fact

in general

in particular

in detail

for example

for instance

to demonstrate

to emphasize

to repeat

to clarify

to explain

to enumerate