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What is the difference between Gerund and Present participle?

Both a gerund and a present participle come from a verb, and both end in – ing. However, each has a different function. A gerund acts like a noun while a present participle acts like a verb or adjective.

Explanation:

Gerunds and participles both derive from verbs. However,

-A gerund is a verbal noun. As a noun, it stands alone in the sentence.

In English, gerunds always end in -ing (walking, thinking, sleeping).

Again, gerunds are nouns. They stand alone.

All of these are gerunds, because they stand alone. "Walking is a great form of exercise. Thinking about statistics makes my head hurt. I love sleeping."

-A participle is a verbal adjective. As an adjective, it must describe something else in the sentence.

In English, participles end in -en (fallen), -ed (killed), -t (slept), or -ing (thinking).

*Notice that the -ing ending can indicate either a gerund or participle. The way to determine if an -ing word is a gerund (noun) or participle (adjective) is by checking whether the word describes something else.

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