Read the passage below and select the sentence number that best expresses the main idea.(1) In 1980 Mount St. Helens in Washington state erupted, killing nearly a hundred people and leveling thousands of acres of timber. (2) By contrast, most Hawaiian volcanoes never erupt; instead, they simply emit flowing lava. (3) Whether a volcano erupts or simply emits lava depends on the composition of its molten rock, which comes to the surface as lava. (4) Volcanoes like Mount St. Helens have quick-cooling lava. (5) As a result, the lava forms a dome that plugs the volcano’s hole. (6) Eventually the pressure becomes so intense that a tremendous explosion blows off the lava dome and spews out a massive cloud of ash. (7) Instead of hardening soon after it reaches air, the lava of most Hawaiian volcanoes flows down the cone’s sides until it encounters an obstacle or slowly cools into a solid. (8) Because the lava never plugs the volcano, the volcano never erupts.

paine is arguying that they had tried everything before coming to the conclusion that they needed to fight for their freedom.

argument: "every quiet method for peace hath been ineffectual."

claim 1: "our prayers have been rejected with disdain; and only tended to convince us, that nothing flatters vanity, or confirms obstinacy in kings more than repeated petitioning and nothing hath contributed more than that very measure to make the kings of europe absolute."

claim 2: "wherefore, since nothing but blows will do, for god’s sake, let us come to a final separation, and not leave the next generation to be cutting throats, under the violated unmeaning names of parent and child."

i guess the cause and effect would show how being around the smoke(the cause) can have negative effects on the body.

explanation:

normally working animals are domesticated and ruled by a master, a domesticator (tamer), to perform basic and important functions on a farm, for example. the value used in this context is animal labor in exchange for food. it is not so much a contrast to the story told by napoleon and the pigs, since the animals of that particular farm also performed functions on the farm through domestication. the only thing is that in this case, who rules them is a pig, also an animal, but very respected, to whom the other animals lent him submission. that's about a strong relationship of dependency between animal and owner.