What can be difficult for people at bedtime? falling asleep
moving a picture
talking to a parent
taking a warm bath

the sentence does not violate the phrase structure second rule (introduced by noam chomsky) because noun phrases consist of a determiner such as a, the or every, and a noun. in the sentence, the noun phrase the cake includes a determiner (the) and a noun (cake).

on the other hand, the first rule indicates that a sentence encloses a noun phrase, followed by a verb phrase. the example sentence can be analysed as follows:

john (n) + ate (v) + the (det) + cake (n).

artists: xxxtentacion, lil baby, drake, post malone, khalid, bryson tiller, jermih, j. cole, russ, the weeknd, travis scott, kendrik lamar