Read the excerpt from Fast Food Nation. The labor practices of the fast food industry have their origins in the assembly line systems adopted by American manufacturers in the early twentieth century. Business historian Alfred D. Chandler has argued that a high rate of “throughput” was the most important aspect of these mass production systems. A factory’s throughput is the speed and volume of its flow—a much more crucial measurement, according to Chandler, than the number of workers it employs or the value of its machinery.

Which of the following choices best describes the evidence used in this excerpt?
An expert’s opinion provides historical background of an important concept.
An expert’s viewpoint presents a counterclaim to the author’s argument.
Statistical and factual evidence prove the author’s claim.
Personal experience creates persuasive, emotional appeal.

An expert's opinion provides historical background of an important concept.

Explanation:

The text presented in the question above, presents us information about the labor practices used in the fast food industry adopted in the beginning of the 20th century. To give veracity and relevance to this information, the text presents the report and opinions of Alfred D. Chancler, a business historian. The presence of an expert like Alfred, makes the text more versatile and specific, since we know that an expert will provide true information about these labor practices. Thus, we can state that the text presents evidence developed by an expert, who provides real historical concepts to confirm that the information contained in the text is true.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

explanation:

i dont know what the answer so im making you laugh here's ya joke lol