What is the author’s tone in this passage?
A. sad
B. sarcastic
C. upbeat
D. Humorous

In this, I will be doing the process of elimination.

Option A: This doesn't really make sense because the author has not used any words that would make the reader seem it is sad, so I suppose this one is incorrect.

Option B: This does make sense, however we must read each choice.

Option C: The author doesn't sound upbeat, so this one is incorrect.

Option D:  The author does sound quite humorous, so this one makes a little bit of sense.

Now, let's look at the choices that could be correct:

B. Sarcastic

D. Humorous

In conclusion, I believe that the answer should be D. Humorous. However, this is your work so if you believe it is B. Sarcastic, then choose that.

the purpose of the heading in the passage is to identify who is telling the story.

this excerpt is part of the book sugar changed the world (2010) written by marc aronson and marina budhos. as the book has been written by two people, the heading "marc" indicates that this specific excerpt is being narrated by aronson. in the fragment, marc describes his grandfather's story after hearing it from his cousin. however, there are other excerpts where budhos is the one that tells the story of her family.

aronson and budhos, who are husband and wife in real life, decided to write sugar changed the world when they found out how sugar, which had an important role in slavery and economy, changed their ancestors' lives.

faith or loyalty when pledged in a solemn agreement or undertaking.