Please help I’m not sure what to do

Which statement best represents a claim? a. people who do not exercise their right to vote are truly wasting a precious democratic privilege. b. the benefits of mandatory voting in the united states far outweigh the potential drawbacks. c. some countries require people who do not vote in certain elections to pay a moderate fine. d. i would never want to live in a country where it was mandatory to vote in political elections.

Which statement best describes the authors use of a claim and a counterclaim in the passage

What is the climax or crisis, which brings about a change in the plot's direction known as?