Read the following excerpt from jonathan swift's essay, "a modest proposal":
i shall now therefore humbly propose my own thoughts, which i hope will not be liable to the least objection.
i have been assured by a very knowing american of my acquaintance in london, that a young healthy child well nursed, is, at a year old, a most delicious nourishing and wholesome food, whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled; and i make no doubt that it will equally serve in a fricasie, or a ragoust.
i do therefore humbly offer it to publick consideration, that of the hundred and twenty thousand children, already computed, twenty thousand may be reserved for breed, whereof only one fourth part to be males; which is more than we allow to sheep, black cattle, or swine, and my reason is, that these children are seldom the fruits of marriage, a circumstance not much regarded by our savages, therefore, one male will be sufficient to serve four females. that the remaining hundred thousand may, at a year old, be offered in sale to the persons of quality and fortune, through the kingdom, always advising the mother to let them suck plentifully in the last month, so as to render them plump, and fat for a good table. a child will make two dishes at an entertainment for friends, and when the family dines alone, the fore or hind quarter will make a reasonable dish, and seasoned with a little pepper or salt, will be very good boiled on the fourth day, especially in winter.
i have reckoned upon a medium, that a child just born will weigh 12 pounds, and in a solar year, if tolerably nursed, encreaseth to 28 pounds.
i grant this food will be somewhat dear, and therefore very proper for landlords, who, as they have already devoured most of the parents, seem to have the best title to the children.
jonathan swift uses a.) an optimistic b.) a gentle c.) a satirical d.) nostalgic tone a.) grab the readers attention b.) to remind people of their childhood c.) to discuss issues related to shortage of food d.) to present hierarchy in american society