What real-life situation was jonathan swift satirizing in gulliver’s travels?

swift was satirizing the problems that ensued after an influx of french catholics into protestant england.
swift was satirizing the problems england faced establishing its colonial empire around the globe.
swift was satirizing what he saw as the irrational disputes that led to the schism between protestants and catholics.
swift was satirizing france’s support of the colonial americans’ fight against england.