Why is language an important tool in developing a monster character in a story

Which sentence best summarizes this excerpt from book 21 of the odyssey?

Which sentence contains a correctly used participial phrase? a) camping by the lakeside, the cries of geese kept me awake. b) after brushing on another stroke of fiery crimson, the canvas looked complete. c) peering through the rain spattered window, the scenery appeared lush and verdant. d) kicking the ball into the upper left hand corner of the goal, the striker scored the winning goal.

In the poem which word in stanza 5 provides a hint to the meaning of the word gloating?