Read this passage from “the city without us” by alan weisman:

once, manhattan was 27 square miles of porous ground interlaced with living roots that siphoned the 47.2 inches of average annual rainfall up trees and into meadow grasses, which drank their fill and exhaled the rest back into the atmosphere. whatever the roots didn’t take settled into the island’s water table. in places, it surfaced in lakes and marshes, with the excess draining off to the ocean via those 40 streams-which now lie trapped beneath concrete and asphalt.

what does weisman’s word choice most clearly suggest about his feelings on manhattan’s ecology?
a. he uses the word “siphoned” to describe the process by which the vegetation absorbed the rainwater.
b. he describes the city as “concrete,” “asphalt,” and “trapped” to criticize the eradication of manhattan’s natural landscape.
c. he uses the words ‘drank” and “exhaled” to attribute human characteristics to the trees and grasses.
d. he expresses regret that 40 of the city’s streams lie trapped beneath the surface.