When a sentence includes a participle phrase the phrase functions as?

Which of the following is a characteristic of theme? a. it is the same as a moral b. it runs throughout a text c. it exist only in literature d. it is unique to each piece of work

The writings of james baldwin and zora neale hurston express different perspectives on black culture in america because the two writers originate from different cultures hurston writes about women, while baldwin writes about men the two writers have contradictory opinions about racism in america hurston encourages positivity, while baldwin explores painful topics

Which three of the following choices are advantages of using active voice a) engages readers b) less wordy c) conceals the subject d) less confusing e) object acted on is given importance