Potter's lake used to be the nicest lake in the area. but these days the water is green with algae, and the lake is choked with weeds all summer long. as a result, people can no longer swim in it. experts have determined the cause of the problem. fertilizers from yards and farms have been running into the lake. they cause algae and weeds to grow out of control. they also kill birds and fish.

In just over one hundred years, between 1701 and 1810, 252,500 enslaved africans were brought to barbados—an island that occupies only 166 square miles (making it, today, one of the smallest countries in the world). the english then set out to conquer more sugar islands, starting with jamaica, which they took from spain in 1655. in the same period that the 252,500 africans were brought to barbados, 662,400 africans were taken to jamaica. thus, sugar drove more than 900,000 people into slavery, across the atlantic, to barbados and jamaica—and these were just two of the sugar islands. the english were eagerly filling antigua, nevis, saint kitts, and montserrat with slaves and sugar mills. they took over much of dutch guiana for the same reason. seeing the fortunes being made in sugar, the french started their own scramble to turn the half of the island of hispaniola that they controlled (which is now haiti), as well as martinique, guadeloupe, and french guiana (along the south american coast near dutch guiana), into their own sugar colonies, which were filled with hundreds of thousands more african slaves. by 1753, british ships were taking average of 34,250 slaves from africa every year, and by 1768, that number had reached 53,100. –sugar changed the world, marc aronson and marina budhos how do the authors use historical evidence to support their claim? x(a) they use secondary sources to show how french and english monarchs were indifferent to enslaved people. x(b)they use secondary sources to show that enslaved people often fought for their freedom after arriving in the caribbean. the answer is: (c)they use facts from primary sources to show how countries increased the number of enslaved people to produce more sugar. x(d)they use primary source interviews to show that countries could make more money in trading sugar without using enslaved people.

Consider the text and its central idea. informational text: one privilege that many teens look forward to is the ability to earn a driver’s license. driver’s licensing requirements are not the same in every state. in some states, young people can be fully licensed before their sixteenth birthday. in other states, the privilege to drive has some restrictions until the driver is eighteen years old. in every state, driver education is a required step in earning a license. students might earn a permit, or provisional license, and spend six months to a year driving with an adult in the car. since states are very different based on population, development, and roadways, the laws are different, too. central idea: states makes different laws about licensing drivers with some similar requirements. what supporting detail is most important to include in a summary of this text? teens get excited about learning to drive. in some states, kids can get their license on their birthday. some states are heavily populated, with dangerous roads to navigate. every state includes driver education as part of licensing requirements.

“you meet new people on a job. kayla morrison says, 'i work with two college students from the east coast, and it's been interesting learning about their lives.' kayla has also come to think of the café owner as a mentor who is providing her with valuable information about the food service industry. kayla is even thinking about applying for the culinary arts program at her high school.” what is the topic sentence of this paragraph?