What is meant by the term ignominy as it is used in the previous sentence

Read the passage below and answer the question. somehow, it was hotter then: a black dog suffered on a summer’s day; bony mules hitched to hoover carts flicked flies in the sweltering shade of the live oaks on the square. men’s stiff collars wilted by nine in the morning. in the excerpt above, the phrase "stiff collars wilted by nine in the morning" suggests that despite the heat, men still dressed up the men in the town were vain men's clothing appeared its best on hot days the men were not accustomed to wearing nice clothes

1. during the last thirty years of his life, tolstoy had a new , or purpose, forwriting

The water eroded the land and a creek was formed. choose the best transitional word or phrase to complete the sentence. a) although b) eventually c) likewise d) similarly