All of the following are effective organizational strategies for composing a speech except?
a.) arranging the not cards by topic
b.) arranging ideas in logical order
c.) using facts to support statements of opinion
d.) being spontaneous when delivering the introduction

D.) Being spontaneous when delivering the introduction.

Explanation:

Being spontaneous when delivering the introduction is not an effective organizational strategy for composing a speech. Being spontaneous can also be a risky strategy, as it can mean being unprepared or relying too much on charisma and not on information. While it is usually fine to add some level of creativity to the presentation, it is not advisable for it to be completely spontaneous.

the autor of the text is bringing the point that one achievment of the president john f. kennedy was a success and this caused the next president to use a similar idea. the purposefor the use of the quotation in the text is to support the idea that peace corps was a result of the president's call. in this case, the quotation is presented as part of the writing and does not stand on its own.

answer a.