Read the excerpt below and answer the question that follows.

before march 1, 1989, the use of copyright notice was mandatory on all published works. omitting the notice on any work first published before that date could have resulted in the loss of copyright protection if corrective steps were not taken within a certain amount of time.

source: united states. copyright office. “copyright notice.” circular 3. washington, dc: library of congress, 2010. print.

this excerpt is from "copyright notice," an article found in circular 3, a publication of the united states copyright office.

what is the meaning of the word "mandatory" in the sentence above?
a. useful
b. optional
c. required
d. expensive

You need to start an experiment and the instructions are to mix 2 g of sodium bicarbonate with 50 ml of distilled water and then mix the solution. describe what lab apparatus you would use and what safety precautions you must observe when completing this experiment.

The pilgrims are at in the beginning of the prologue.

In 1808, their friend, the romantic poet clemens brentano, asked them to collect all types of folk tales so he could use them in a book of literary fairy tales. in 1810, they sent him fifty-four texts, which they fortunately copied. fortunately, because brentano then lost the manuscript in the ölenberg monastery in alsace and never used the grimms’ texts. when they realized that brentano was not going to use the tales, they decided, upon the advice of another romantic writer and mutual friend, achim von arnim, to publish their collection. it had grown to eighty-six tales, which they published in 1812, and then another seventy, which they published in 1815. –“how the grimm brothers saved the fairy tale,” jack zipes what structural technique does the writer use in this passage? the writer describes events in chronological order. the writer describes events in their order of importance. the writer provides a central idea and then lists examples. the writer shows how the grimms made mistakes and then solved them.