Which of the following describes an independent clause?

a. contains a subject and verb and can stand alone as a full thought
b. contains a subject without a verb and can stand alone as a full thought
c. combinations of words that cannot stand alone as a complete thought
d. combinations of words that contain verbs without any subjects or nouns

Ineed ,someone me on this and my other questions

Examine the table of contents. table of contents fear and its physical effects mental effects emotional effects just say "no! " to breathing exercises meditation yoga free from living free seeking support staying sane index in which chapter would a reader find information on seeking support? fear and its effects free from fear just say "no! " to fear seeking support

He picture shows a fishing technique called trawling. how might trawling affect marine biodiversity? decrease biodiversity by harvesting everything in its path, so that unwanted fish are unnecessarily killed