How to write an annotated bibliography step by step?

What does sterling brown mean when he mentions the chain gang a.) brown is referring to people in general, who are chained in their minds. b.) brown is referring to slaves in chains c.) brown is referring to gangs in the ghetto chained to their crimes and poverty d.) brown is referring to men perhaps prisoners singing/chanting while working.

Fortify is a verb that means “to protect and strengthen.” a fortifications is a that means something that protects.

This excerpt is repeated several times. what effect does this repetition have on the epic