An effective way to keep an audience's attention is to tell a story. according to your text, what are elements that make a good story?

Well, that's entirely subjective. But usually you have to have an okay plot and relatable characters. If you feel no connections to the people in the story then you don't care about what they're doing. So, if you want to make a good story, make sure you have likable characters. Likable characters and turmoil, you gotta have some kinda problem that needs fixing, and only our heroes can do it.