Choose the answer that matches the four different types of organizational messages with the correct examples.

a. upward- news of the club’s invitation to a competition is shared, downward - club officers present reports to each other, lateral- secretary of club reads meeting minutes to entire club, grapevine- club member proposes a new activity at a meeting

b. upward- club member proposes a new activity at a meeting, downward - news of the club’s invitation to a competition is shared, lateral-club officers present reports to each other, grapevine- secretary of club reads meeting minutes to entire club

c. upward- club member proposes a new activity at a meeting, downward - secretary of club reads meeting minutes to entire club, lateral-club officers present reports to each other, grapevine- news of the club’s invitation to a competition is shared

d. upward- secretary of club reads meeting minutes to entire club, downward - club member proposes a new activity at a meeting, lateral-club officers present reports to each other, grapevine- news of the club’s invitation to a competition is shared

c. Upward- club member proposes a new activity at a meeting, downward - secretary of club reads meeting minutes to entire club, lateral-club officers present reports to each other, grapevine- news of the club’s invitation to a competition is shared

Explanation:

Channels of communication in any form of business are of various types. The most common types of channels in a business communication are-

1. Upward- It is a flow of information from the lower to the higher level of hierarchy within the company/ organization. So, the "club members proposing a new activity at a meeting" is a form of an upward communication.

2. Downward- the flow of communication of information from a higher level to a lower level of the organization. So, this is shown when "the secretary of club reads meeting minutes to entire club".

3. Lateral form of communication is the passing of information between the same levels of hierarchy in within the organization. Thus, "the club officers present reports to each other" is a lateral form of communication.

4. Grapevine is the passing of information but more of an informal form of communication. So, "news of the club’s invitation to a competition is shared" is a form of grapevine communication.

wheres the passage bud xd

explanation:

paine is arguying that they had tried everything before coming to the conclusion that they needed to fight for their freedom.

argument: "every quiet method for peace hath been ineffectual."

claim 1: "our prayers have been rejected with disdain; and only tended to convince us, that nothing flatters vanity, or confirms obstinacy in kings more than repeated petitioning and nothing hath contributed more than that very measure to make the kings of europe absolute."

claim 2: "wherefore, since nothing but blows will do, for god’s sake, let us come to a final separation, and not leave the next generation to be cutting throats, under the violated unmeaning names of parent and child."