How can the auther's cultural background affect the writing of his book?

What type of figurative language is used in this passage from "letter from birmingham jail"? just as the prophets of the eighth century b. c. left their villages and carried their "thus saith the lord" far beyond the boundaries of their hometowns, and just as the apostle paul left his village of tarsus and carried the gospel of jesus christ to the far corners of the greco roman world, so am i compelled to carry the gospel of freedom beyond my own hometown. allusion symbolism imagery metaphor

In the following sentence which word is abstract noun quincy insisted that each one of his teammate members demonstrate loyalty members team quincys loyalty

What does a change in medium allow the audience to do?