Read the passage below, and then choose the best answer to the question. Answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.
Many people who have come close to death from drowning, cardiac arrest, or other causes have
described near-death experiencesóprofound, subjective events that sometimes result in dramatic
changes in values, beliefs, behavior, and attitudes toward life and death. These experiences often
include a new clarity of thinking, a feeling of well being, a sense of being out of the body, and visions of
bright light or mystical encounters. Such experiences have been reported by an estimated 30 to 40
percent of hospital patients who were revived after coming close to death and about 5 percent of adult
Americans in a nationwide poll. Near-death experiences have been explained as a response to a
perceived threat of death (a psychological theory): as a result of biological states that accompany the
process of dying (a physiological theory); and as a foretaste of an actual state of bliss after death (a
transcendental theory).