Do turkey vultures depend on other birds?

They don't depend on other birds because they are scavengers, they feed on dead animals. But I wouldn't say no completely because some carnivorous animals eat other birds, and those remains can be eaten by these vultures.

first one is your answer

~coco

the sentence does not violate the phrase structure second rule (introduced by noam chomsky) because noun phrases consist of a determiner such as a, the or every, and a noun. in the sentence, the noun phrase the cake includes a determiner (the) and a noun (cake).

on the other hand, the first rule indicates that a sentence encloses a noun phrase, followed by a verb phrase. the example sentence can be analysed as follows:

john (n) + ate (v) + the (det) + cake (n).