In this excerpt, Qeen Elizabeth is attempting to persuade troops that she

quite an interesting way to teach topic sentences, because the answer to this question is the best definition of a topic sentence that one can present, it is as if answering the questions taught you how to do it, this is some real teaching, it is terribly well-done.

the topic sentence in this paragraph is:

topic sentences writers stay on track and keep a paragraph from becoming an aimless collection of sentences about an idea.

which incidentally tells you what a topic sentence should be.

the excerpt from chapter 2 of "animal farm", by george orwell that is an example of foreshadowing is "these three (snowball, napoleon, and squealer) had elaborated old major's teachings into a complete system of thought to which they gave the name of animalism." animal farm is an allegory of how czarist russia developed into communist russia with all its corruption. old major's teachings represent marx's theories turned into communism, animalism, by the three pigs. this foreshadows the oppression and corruption that will follow this revolt.

elon musk, ceo of spacex, a startup space company is planning to head to mars by 2023. nasa is planning to go to mars at around 2025. both are just for a basic colony.

explanation:

it refers to the definition of full-contact sports, where the condition is that the sport must have athletes must "purposely collide with each other