write an essay comparing flu epidemics and flu pandemics. what differentiates how they are prevented, transmitted, and treated?

People have turned to historical experience with influenza pandemics to try to make sense of COVI.D-19, and for good reason.

Influenza and coron.avirus share basic similarities in the way they’re transmitted via respiratory droplets and the surfaces they land on. Descriptions of H1N1 influenza patients in 1918-19 echo the respiratory failure of COVI.D-19 sufferers a century later. Lessons from efforts to mitigate the spread of flu in 1918-19 have justifiably guided this pandemic’s policies promoting nonpharmaceutical interventions, such as physical distancing and school closures.

Current discussions about scaling back social distancing measures and “opening up” the country frequently refer to “waves” of disease that characterized the dramatic mortality of H1N1 influenza in three major peaks in 1918-19. As COVI.D-19 rates begin to steady in some parts of the U.S., people today are nervously eyeing the “second wave” of influenza that came in autumn 1918, that pandemic’s deadliest period.

Waves evoke predictability, however, and COVI.D-19 has been hard to predict. Despite the valuable lessons drawn from past influenza outbreaks, how pandemic influenza struck in 1918 isn’t a template for what will happen with COVI.D-19 in the coming months.

As a historian and a virologist, we believe this comparison of two pandemics has contributed to public confusion about what to expect from “flattening the curve.” Key divergences in the sociopolitical contexts of 1918-19 and now, in addition to clear virologic differences between influenza and SAR.S-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVI.D-19, mean their courses are not perfectly matched.

Explanation:sorry if it is wrong

were,have settled (b) mark brainliest : )

the correct answer is:   [d]:

              →       " fond of fighting " .

hope this !

      best wishes!