Read the excerpt below from the essay "Invasion of the Screens: A Horror Story" about how teenagers spend too much time using electronic gadgets. Then answer the question that follows. Imagine a world of pale, wormlike humans who depend entirely on machines for their survival. They have lived underground for so long that, without digitally-enhanced contact lenses, they are basically blind. They have grown so unused to exercise that they can barely lift themselves to a sitting position. In fact, they often wonder, why move at all? For them and everyone they know, work and entertainment both happen through computers linked directly to their brains. The world around them is in grey, ugly ruins, but they don’t care; the world in their minds is full of beauty and excitement. As for human contact, they interact frequently with each other’s avatars online.

What is the best description of the emotional appeals in this excerpt?
They try to depress the audience by showing a dark, gloomy world.
They try to overwhelm the audience with a shocking, sad view of the future.
They strive to make the audience feel happy and cheerful about the future.
They strive to contrast today's world with that of the very troubled past.