3. The FIGURATIVE interpretation of a word or phrase is 1.the meaning a society or culture infers from a word or phrase
2.following or representing the exact words of the original; word-for-word
3.how the word or phrase applies to basketball, life in general, and Josh's life

1. The meaning a society or culture infers from a word or phrase

Explanation:

There are two ways to interpret a word or phrase - literally and figuratively.

The literal interpretation would be a word-for-word interpretation. Many phrases can be interpreted this way. However, there are some that can't, because they would make no sense that way. These phrases are called idioms. An example of an idiom is: It's raining cats and dogs. This phrase is used to describe very heavy rain. This type of meaning is called a figurative meaning. It is inferred by a society or culture.

c) by giving an example of how mary beth tinker did, in fact, disrupt her mathematics class

explanation:

petitioner john f. tinker, 15 years of age, and solicitor christopher eckhardt, 16 years of age, went to secondary schools in des moines, iowa.