Read this excerpt from The Riddle of the Rosetta Stone by James Cross Giblin. A few experts challenged Champollion's methods and clung to the notion that the hieroglyphs had a purely symbolic meaning. But Champollion's defenders, after further studies, proved his approach correct beyond any doubt.

Which answer choice best states a cause-and-effect relationship from the excerpt?

Cause: A few experts challenged Champollion’s methods.
Effect: They proved that hieroglyphs had purely symbolic meanings.
Cause: A few experts challenged Champollion’s methods.
Effect: Defenders of Champollion proved that he was correct.
Cause: Most people believed that hieroglyphs had purely symbolic meanings. Effect: Champollion proved them wrong.
Cause: Many studies proved that Champollion’s approach was correct.
Effect: A few experts challenged Champollion’s ideas.