1. change the italicized group of words into a participle. then write the complete sentence.

the lake "has frozen". we'll go ice-skating.
the lake has freezed. we'll go ice-skating

2. change the italicized group of words into an infinitive as adjective. then write the complete sentence.

this book is excellent. "you should read it"

this book is excellent, you should read it too.

Participles are forms of verbs that play the role of modifying nouns, other verbs, verbal phrases, among others, just like adjectives and adverbs do. Although sometimes people confuse them with the tenses, participles do not specify exact time of an action, but rather, seem outside of time itself. In English, there are two participles known: the present participle, characterized by the ending - ing- and the past participle, characterized by its two types of endings - ed- for regular verbs, and the ones unique to irregular verbs. While the present participle is known as the progressive, active, or imperfect participle, the past participle is usually referred to as the perfect and passive form. Participles can work as adjectives, adverbs, a short form of a relative clause, adverbial clauses, and also, in mix with other verbs, to form complex verb phrases. Given these explanations, we can then go on ahead and form the sentences as follows:

1. "Well go ice-skating on the frozen lake". This one because frozen is a past participle that uses the verb form "frozen" as an adjective, rather than a simple verb.

2. "You need to read this excellent book". In this case because the request is to use a participle in its infinitive form, but also as an adjective, we need to not just change the modal verb "should", to be able to accomodate the use of "to", but we also need to change the participle "read" to the beginning of the sentence as both "need" and "to read" are describing the book, which is the subject that is being modified.

in ray bradbury's short story "a sound of thunder", mr. eckels's fearfulness leads to drastic consequences for the rest of the world.

in the story, mr. eckels, who is a hunter, hires a time travel company to travel to the age of dinosaurs. although he is excited for the hunting expedition at the beginning, when they reach there and mr. eckels sees the tyrannosaurus, he feels frightened. as he is afraid of the tyrannosaurus, he steps off the path although he has been warned not to do it. by stepping off the path, the entire course of the future is affected: mr. eckart alters the future by stepping on a butterfly, which causes a new man to be elected president in the future. in that way, it is mr. eckart's fearfulness what triggers 'the butterfly effect' and what leads to drastic consequences for the rest of the world.