What does paragraph 52 reveal griffins influence on the schoolchildren

Is the sentence “ironically, although approximately seventy-one percent of the earth is covered by water, thirty-three percent of its land area is desert.” a phrase or a clause?

Ivansanger rainsfordgeneral zaroffwhitneyadventurous hunter; calm and composed; considers himself a realist; new yorker; veteran of world war ia hunter; sympathetic to the plight of voiceless, defenseless animals; cautiouscossack; mute; formidable physical stature; wears a black uniform; used to whip prisoners for the great white czarcossack; aristocrat; has sharp, pointed teeth and red lips; devoid of humanity and emotion

Read the argument below and answer the question that follows. all football players are required to attend weekly strengthening workshops. david is a football player. david is required to attend weekly strengthening workshops. what are the elements of this argument? a. premise: david is required to attend weekly strengthening workshops. conclusion: david is a football player. b. premise: all football players are required to attend weekly strengthening workshops. conclusion: david is a football player. c. premise: david is a football player. conclusion: david is required to attend weekly strengthening workshops. d. premise: all football players are required to attend weekly strengthening workshops. david is a football player. conclusion: david is required to attend weekly strengthening workshops.