The central idea in an introductory paragraph is also known as the topic sentence
the thesis
the example
the transition

idk

explanation:

im dum j.e

in the 1890s, southern states enacted a new form of black codes, called “jim crow” laws. these laws made it illegal for blacks and whites to share public facilities. this meant that blacks and whites had to use separate schools, hospitals, libraries, restaurants, hotels, bathrooms, and drinking fountains.

explanation:

the correct answer is d. in john paston's letter written friday, 14, 1476, he expresses his fear that he may have to go to war.

indeed, although the black death was ravaging europe, the pastons were relatively safe from it due to their social status as they were part of the landed gentry. it is clear that the vast majority of the victims of the pandemic were the poor. the reason why he is weary of having to go to war is because at the particular time england was also devastated by the war of the roses and paston, being a courtesan was inevitably involved.