As an application of cryptography, digital Signatures and MACs can be used for. (1) Authentication
(2) Confidentiality
(3) Integrity
(4) Availability

Secret in slovakia how does the author's use of foreshadowing in the opening paragraphs affect the passage? a. it creates excitement by revealing the narrator's hopes of receiving part of her great-aunt's estate. b. it creates dread through its vivid descriptions of the house; readers are aware that something terrible has happened within those walls. c. it creates mystery by suggesting that the narrator's view of the house will somehow change as a result of her experiences inside. d. it creates a sense of joy and anticipation by hinting that the narrator will be reconnected with her great-aunt.

Write a sentence using a gerund phrase with a pronoun subject.

What task did the surveyors do? a. they studied the landscape to determine the most direct route for building a road. b. they designed treadmills that lifted blocks of stone to where they were needed. c. they dug trenches and filled them with sand, concrete, and large blocks to form a road.