What background knowledge would best add to a reader's understanding of the excerpt?
A. an explanation of what behaviors make up bullying
B. a statement by the students' teacher on how things have
improved
C. a comment by Jaylen on how his classmates have
changed
D. a determination of which classmate was more affected

Select the correct answer. read this excerpt from incidents in the life of a slave girl by harriet ann jacobs: among the ladies who were acquainted with my grandmother, was one who had known her from childhood, and always been very friendly to her. she had also known my mother and her children, and felt interested for them. at this crisis of affairs she called to see my grandmother, as she not unfrequently did. she observed the sad and troubled expression of her face, and asked if she knew where linda was, and whether she was safe. my grandmother shook her head, without answering. "come, aunt martha," said the kind lady, "tell me all about it. perhaps i can do something to you." which of these important concepts uncommon to abolitionist literature does jacobs depict in the excerpt? 1. some kind white characters were included in slave narratives so that northerners would not be offended. 2. southern society was complex and diverse with both good and bad people unlike northern stereotypes showed. 3. many kind slave owners and their slaves developed deep friendships. 4. most whites and blacks lived in harmony in the south and made efforts to each other. a. 1 and 4 b. 1 and 3 c. 1 and 2 d. 2 and 3

Read the excerpt from act 3 of a doll’s house. mrs. linde: you seemed to me to imply that with me you might have been quite another man. krogstad: i am certain of it. mrs. linde: is it too late now? krogstad: christine, are you saying this deliberately? yes, i am sure you are. i see it in your face. have you really the courage, then—? mrs. linde: i want to be a mother to someone, and your children need a mother. we two need each other. nils, i have faith in your real character—i can dare anything together with you. krogstad [grasps her hands]. , , christine! now i shall find a way to clear myself in the eyes of the world. ah, but i forgot— how does the conflict in this passage develop a theme? mrs. linde creates a conflict by promising something she cannot give to krogstad, which develops the theme that empty promises can destroy relationships. krogstad continues the conflict by choosing clearing his name over having a life with mrs. linde, which develops the theme that you must often choose yourself over others. krogstad creates a conflict by deceiving mrs. linde about his intentions, which develops the theme that, in love, actions speak louder than words. mrs. linde resolves the conflict by committing to a new life with krogstad, which develops the theme that new beginnings are always possible.

Which best describes the meaning of the term “universal truths”?