By 18 january 2016, member states shall notify to
the commission the list of professions for which a prior
check of qualifications is necessary under article 7(4).

sometimes i get confused when it comes to "by" and a date..
does this mean that "the member states shall notify to the commission the list before 18 january 2016", or "starting from 18 january 2016", like, "after 18 january 2016"? in advance..

The goal of __ painters was not to make a photographic representation of a subject, but to capture the impression of a particular moment in time a) still artist b) realist c) impressionist

How does gregor change from the beginning to the end of the story?

Read the passage. (1) the first skateboard was constructed of old roller-skate wheels attached to a piece of wood. (2) improvements were made to the skateboard in 1959. (3) the year that the first commercially made skateboard appeared. (4) soon after, skateboarding began to grow in popularity. (5) in 1963, skateboard manufacturers formed the first professional skateboarding team. (6) that same year, the first organized skateboard competition took place, in california. which is the most effective way to correct the fragment in sentence 3? attach the fragment to sentence 4. attach the fragment to sentence 2. insert the phrase in the united states to the end of the fragment. insert the verb had before the verb appeared.