Which sentence contains a gerund?
During the night, the temperature plummeted twenty degrees.
To navigate the winding road safely, we concentrated intensely.
On the first torrid day of summer, we always enjoy swimming.
The contemptible birds singing in the yard annoyed us all night.
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The contemptible birds singing in the yard annoyed us all night.

Explanation:

A gerund ends with ing and it has to be an action. The bird’s action is singing.

On the first torrid day of summer, we always enjoy swimming.

Here the gerund (which always functions as a noun) serves as the object of this sentence.

Explanation:

which of the following was specifically permitted by the emancipation proclamation?

free african americans were allowed to fight for the confederacy.

free african americans were allowed to enlist in the union army and navy.

enslaved people in border states were allowed to move to the north.

enslaved people in border states were allowed to become confederate citizens.

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the book's theme is the moral ambiguity of the iranian revolution, history of middle eastern relations and the process of growing up during war. it sheds light on the stereotypical views of middle eastern culture and religion.

the author explicitly portrays the issues of class disparities and racism continously throught the whole novel.

the relationship between parents and childrens, the abandonment of faith, modernity vs fundamentalism and class conflict are the 4 main panels that this novel englobes.

hope this , if you would like me to be more specific about a specific excerpt let me know : )