The earliest known villages in ancient Egypt date back over 5,000 years. These villages became part of two kingdoms. One of these kingdoms controlled the villages on the Nile Delta. The other controlled the villages south of the delta. The delta area was known as Lower Egypt. The southern region was known as Upper Egypt.
Egyptian civilization began about 3100 B. C. King Menes, a king from Upper Egypt, conquered Lower Egypt. He then united the country and formed the world's first national government. King Menes founded Memphis as the capital. (This is near present-day Cairo.)
King Menes also created the first Egyptian dynasty. A dynasty is a series of rulers in the same family. Over 30 dynasties ruled ancient Egypt. The first two dynasties ruled for about 400 years. During this period, the Egyptians developed irrigation systems, plows, and a system of writing. The years of the third and fourth dynasties were known as the Old Kingdom, or the Pyramid Age. As the name suggests, this period was best known for the building of the great pyramids. By the time of the fifth dynasty, the king’s power began to weaken. High priests and government officials fought for power. Most of the next five dynasties had weak rulers.

W.
Ancient Egypt
King Menes
Created first dynasty
Conquered Lower Egypt
Developed irrigation, plows, and writing
Built great pyramids
Dynasties
Rulers in same family
Ruled for hundreds of years
Over 30 dynasties
Pyramids
Built during third and fourth dynasties
Period known as the "Pyramid Age"
Also known as the "Old Kingdom"

X.
Ancient Egypt
Villages became kingdoms
One ruled villages on the Nile Delta
One ruled villages south of the Delta
Egyptian civilization
Began 3100 B. C.
King Menes united Upper and Lower Egypt
Memphis became the capital
Dynasties
Series of rulers in same family
Over 30 dynasties
1st and 2nd dynasties: Irrigation, plows, writing
3rd and 4th dynasties: Pyramids built

Y.
Ancient Egypt
Villages date back 5,000 years
Upper Egypt
Lower Egypt
Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt
Upper conquered Lower
Country was united
Over 30 years of dynasties
Pyramids
Irrigation
Plows
Writing

Z.
Ancient Egypt
A history rich in tradition and development
King Menes ruled
Created first dynasty
Built great pyramids
Memphis
Capital of Ancient Egypt
Near present-day Cairo
Egyptian Civilization
A history of dynasties
"Old Kingdom"
"Pyramid Age"
3
Which of the outlines above is the most accurate outline of the passage?
A.
W
B.
Y
C.
Z
D.
X
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